Publications
Critical Sensible and Latent Effectiveness for Membrane Type Energy Recovery Ventilator (ERV) in Cold Climates
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2013
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2013
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Hourly load modeling of non-residential building stock
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2013
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2013
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Encapsulated Vacuum Insulation Panels for Building Applications -Experimental Durability Investigations and Retrofitting Strategies
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
Vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) are a high-performance thermal insulation solution, which offer a much higher heat resistance than traditional insulation materials. Thus, is enabling a reduction in thickness of the building envelope, thereby solving one of the major challenges in today's requirements of energy-efficient buildings. Hence, the area efficiency in buildings will increase, and the slimmer walls may lead to increased daylight admission through the window partitions. Furthermore, it gives the possibility of retrofitting existing buildings towards today's standards within acceptable economical and practical measures. Reduction of thermal heat resistance is one of the major challenges when using VIP, thus…
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Cost Optimality of Energy System in Zero Emission Buildings in Early Design Phase
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2013
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Publication Year:
2013
A survey among relevant consultants and contractors shows the need for better knowledge and more systematic information in order to make decisions regarding the selection of system for energy supply of ZEBs (Zero Emission Buildings). The ZEB centre aims to develop a computerbased tool for this purpose that will include both a calculation tool and an information database. This assignment will be part of this development. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the cost optimality of different energy systems for a ZEB using the European cost optimal methodology introduced in the context of the EPBD (Energy Performance…
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A net zero emission concept analysis of a single-family house
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
The paper aims to investigate whether it is possible to achieve a net Zero Emission Building (nZEB) by balancing emissions from the energy used for operation and embodied emissions from materials with those from on-site renewables in the cold climate of Norway. The residential nZEB concept is a so-called all-electric solution where essentially a well-insulated envelope is heated using a heat pump and where photovoltaic panels (PV) production is used to achieve the CO2eq balance. In addition, the main drivers for the emissions are revealed through the CO2eq calculation for a typical Norwegian, single-family house. This concept building provides a…
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Et laboratorium for framtidens bygninger
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2014
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2014
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Isolering og fuktsikring av yttervegger mot terreng. Målinger i forsøksvegg
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2012
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2012
Mange fuktproblemer viser at det er viktig å velge veggkonstruksjoner mot terreng med god sikkerhet mot skader. God sikkerhet mot kondensskader får man ved å plassere all isolasjon på utsiden eller inne i veggen. Men i svært mange nye byggeprosjekter i dag blir det benyttet en plass-støpt betongvegg som isoleres utvendig og innvendig. Den innvendige isolasjonen er ofte en bindingsverkvegg. Denne rapporten presenterer resultater fra målinger i et lite forsøkshus med en denne typen yttervegg mot terreng. Huset er bygd ved lokalene til SINTEF Byggforsk i Oslo
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Windows for Energy-Efficient Buildings - Heat Bridges by Window Localization
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2012
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2012
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Energiforsyning for bygning uten klimagassutslipp (ZEB) på Klimasenteret på Ringdalskogen
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2013
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Publication Year:
2013
I dag har bygninger en andel på 30 % av verdens energiforbruk og står for 20 % av klimagassutslippene globalt sett. Regjeringen har derfor som mål å skjerpe energikravene i byggeteknisk forskrift til passivhusnivå i 2015 og nesten nullutslippsnivå i 2020. For å oppnå et bygg med nesten nullutslippsnivå vil bygget normalt være tilknyttet nettet. Dette på bakgrunn av at energien importert fra energinettet, til bygningen, er ansvarlig for visse utslipp. Eksport av fornybar energi fra bygningen tilbake til energinettet er ansvarlig for å unngå lignende utslipp av andre (ikke-fornybare) energivarer koblet til samme energinett.Brødrene Dahl ønsker å se på…
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Building Integrated Photovoltaics - A State-of-the-Art Review, Future Research Opportunities and Large-Scale Experimental Wind-Driven Rain Exposure Investigations
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2012
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2012
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Self-Cleaning Glazing Products: A State-of-the-Art Review and Future Research Pathways
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2012
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2012
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Multi-Functional Building Envelopes: Key Properties, State-of-the-Art Technologies and Visions for the Future
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2012
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2012
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Robustness classification of materials, assemblies and buildings
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2013
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Publication Year:
2013
Reliable methods are needed for classifying the robustness of buildings and building materials for many reasons, including ensuring that constructions can withstand the climate conditions resulting from global warming, which might be more severe than was assumed in an existing building’s design. Evaluating the robustness of buildings is also important for reducing process-induced building defects. We describe and demonstrate a flexible framework for classifying the robustness of building materials, building assemblies, and whole buildings that incorporates climate and service life considerations.
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Grønne vinduer
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Vinduer ble lenge betraktet som energisluk i vinter-Norge. Men utstyrt med siste nytt fra forskningsfronten på feltet, kan kontorbygg forbruke mindre energi enn bygninger helt uten vinduer.
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Post-Occupancy Evaluation of Low-Energy and Passive House Apartments in the Løvåshagen Cooperative - Occupant Behavior and Satisfaction
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
Experience with low-energy and passive house buildings forms the basis for the further development of zero-emission buildings. A post-occupancy evaluation of the Løvåshagen cooperative is therefore conducted by means of user surveys and measurement of indoor climate parameters, energy use and window opening time. The goal of the post-occupancy evaluation is to obtain information about how occupants use and experience low-energy and passive house dwellings, especially with regard to heating and ventilation. In addition, the impact of user behavior on the indoor climate and energy use will be assessed. In this paper, the results of the user survey regarding user…
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Greenhouse gas analysis of insulation options in residential energy retrofitting
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
In the pursuit of stricter energy standards for buildings to reduce their share of energy use, the use of highly efficient insulation materials like aerogel and vacuum insulation has opened a path towards lighter construction in energy retrofitting, whereas commercially available materials, such as EPS and mineral wool, result in massive wall solutions. However, these new materials are notoriously energy intensive in production, resulting in high levels of embodied energy and emissions. This work describes a comprehensive greenhouse gas analysis of the use of different insulation materials applied to residential building upgrades to passive house standard. It estimates the potential…
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Environmental perspective on two glazing typologies
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
Stricter energy regulations for energy use in buildings require new construction to be equipped with increasingly thicker insulation layers and minimal surfaces for glazing in cold climates. In recent years a new type of window has been proposed as a way to overcome the notoriously low thermal performance of transparent surfaces. In order to reach such performances, this glazing type has been equipped with monolithic aerogel as the glass-pane filling. The scope of this study is a comprehensive analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from the partial substitution of typical triple-glazing-with-argon units with double-glazing-with-monolithic-aerogel units in residential building upgrades. A social…
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The Research Centre on Zero Emission Buildings
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Publication Year:
2013
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2013
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Powerhouse Kjørbo: a plus-energy renovation office building project in Norway
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
The main definition of a Powerhouse is a building that shall produce at least the same amount of energy from on-site renewables as the energy used during construction, manufacturering of materials, renovation, demolition and operation exclusive energy used during manufacturering of equipment such as PCs, coffee machines etc. In addition the exported energy shall in average not have less quality than the imported energy. This implies that produced and exported electricity can offset corresponding amount of imported energy for both electricity and thermal purposes, while produced and exported thermal energy cannot offset imported electricity. The building shall also as a…
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A Norwegian Zero Emission Building Definition
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
The aim of the Norwegian research centre on Zero Emission Buildings(ZEB) is to develop competetive products and solutions of buildings with zero emission of greenhouse gases related to their production, operation and demolition. However, to develope solutions and concepts for zero emission buildings it is first necessarry to develop a sound definition of ZEB (for single buildings, and also cluster of buildings). During the first 3 years of the centres running, significant work have been done to adress different issues related to the ZEB-definition, among them defining CO2 factors for various energy wares. Work done in the International Energy Agency…
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A net zero emission concept analysis of a Norwegian single family house – A CO2 accounting method
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
In order to reach the goal of a zero emission building (ZEB), CO2 emission data has to be made available and verified for traditional building materials, new ‘state-of-the-art’ building materials and the active elements used to produce renewable energy. However, an initial literature review found that although there are databases of embodied carbon values for most building materials, the range in results for some materials are varied and inconsistent. This paper follows on from previous work on the development of a transparent and robust method to calculate CO2eq emissions of the materials used in the concept analysis of the ZEB…
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Bygger Norges første plusshuss
Publication Year:
2013
Publication Year:
2013
Hele 1556 kvadratmeter med solceller gjør at Norge får sitt første plusshus i Bærum. Artikkelen skrevet av Caroline Drefvelin.
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Investigation of prototype membrane based energy exchanger
Publication Year:
2012
Publication Year:
2012
In order to minimize the energy use for heating, passive houses for residential use are constructed using heavy insulation. In addition, they have minimal air leakages and no vents in exterior walls for direct supply of fresh air, and thus, mechanical ventilation systems are a mandatory requirement in such buildings. With the aim of reducing energy use, efficient energy recovery from used air will be of high importance. In residential buildings with several living units, centralized air handling units are regarded as the most energy efficient system. However, to prevent odours to transfer between apartments it is important to avoid…
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Investigation of the Air-Heating Concept for Norwegian Passive Houses
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
The German definition of the passive house standard is strongly related to the air-heating (AH) concept, while this concept is not explicitly connected with the Norwegian definition (NS 3700 standard). As AH presents an opportunity for space-heating (SH) simplification, the AH potential is here investigated in the Norwegian context. The questions of the required AH temperatures, of the temperature distribution between rooms and the influence of losses from ventilation ducts are investigated using detailed dynamic simulations (here using TRNSYS). This is done using a typical detached house typology, both considering different building construction materials as well as different climate zones…
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Advanced Façade Solutions. Towards energy efficient building skins
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2013
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2013
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Between standardisation and flexibility. Norwegian controversies around sustainable building certification
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
We are currently witnessing in the Norwegian building sector (and elsewhere) the transition from isolated and heterogeneous sustainable building projects carried out in protected niches (e.g pilot projects) to more sustainable buildings becoming mainstream. According to scholars studying sustainable transitions this is the moment in which a dominant design catches on, replacing and displacing other more or less sustainable alternatives. Within this process, in the Norwegian case, the principles behind the passive house play a salient role. In fact, only recently a government white paper has called for "passive house levels" to become part of the building code by 2015.…
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Between Research and Practice: Experts on Implementing Sustainable Construction
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
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Journal papers
Paraotwayite-Type α-Ni(OH)2 Nanowires: Structural, Optical and Electrochemical Properties
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Publication Year:
2013
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2013
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Journal papers
Hollow Silica Nanospheres as a Superinsulating Material
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
A simple, mild, and effective template approach has been used to produce hollow silica nanospheres with controlled sizes ranging from 40 to 150 nanometers. The obtained powders showed systematic variations in measured thermal conductivity, with values down to 0.024 W/(mK) so far, with en expressed goal to reach below 0.020 W/(mK). Surface hydrophobization was successfully performed. Thus, hollow silica nanospheres are considered to be promising building blocks for new hydrophobic, superinsulating materials.
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A New Nano Insulation Material for Applications in Zero Emission Buildings
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2013
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2013
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A Design of Sustainable Energy Supply System of Shoebox Residential Building
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2013
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2013
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Engaging complexity: Social Science Approaches to Green Building Design
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
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Solar Radiation Glazing Factors for Windows Panes, Glass structures and Electrochromic Windows in Buildings - Measurement and Calculation
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
Window panes, glass structures and electrochromic windows in buildings may be characterized by a number of solar radiation glazing factors, i.e. ultraviolet solar transmittance, visible solar transmittance, solar transmittance, solar material protection factor, solar skin protection factor, external visible solar reflectance, internal visible solar reflectance, solar reflectance, solar absorbance, emissivity, solar factor and colour rendering factor. Comparison of these solar quantities for different glass fabrications enables one to evaluate and thus select the most appropriate glass material or system for the specific buildings and applications. Measurements and calculations were carried out on various glass materials, including three electrochromic window devices,…
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Emission Accounting of a Wooden Passive House from Life Cycle Perspective
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2013
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2013
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Performance of a lab-scale membrane-based energy exchanger
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
Abstract Efficient energy recovery from used air with the goal of reducing energy use is important for realizing low energy houses. Rotary heat exchangers are very energy efficient, but have the drawback of transferring odours from exhaust air to fresh supply air. To avoid this, flat plate heat exchangers are commonly used where odour transfer might cause problems. Nevertheless, these may not properly handle water condensation and frost formation at low outdoor temperatures. The so-called membrane-based energy exchangers are an alternative to the flat plate heat exchanger. In a membrane-based exchanger, moisture is transferred from the humid exhaust air to…
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Perspective of aerogel glazings in energy efficient buildings
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
Abstract The application perspective of aerogel glazings in energy efficient buildings has been discussed by evaluating their energy efficiency, process economics, and environmental impact. For such a purpose, prototype aerogel glazing units have been assembled by incorporating aerogel granules into the air cavity of corresponding double glazing units, which enables an experimental investigation on their physical properties and a subsequent numerical simulation on their energy performance. The results show that, compared to the double glazing counterparts, aerogel glazings can contribute to about 21% reduction in energy consumptions related to heating, cooling, and lighting; payback time calculations indicate that the return…
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User evaluation of the indoor climate of the first passive house school in Norway
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
Abstract The indoor climate of the first passive house school in Norway was evaluated with the aid of a questionnaire (Örebro) with approximately 340 respondents, and three interview rounds with a total of 23 informants. The intention was to reveal whether the users experienced any problems or possibly better conditions than in a regular school building. The interviews showed that, overall, the users were satisfied with the building. The survey showed generally good results for the indoor climate. Questionnaire results were compared with reference material consisting of data for average school buildings. The indoor climate of Marienlyst School was better…
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Eit levande laboratorium. Eksperiment i nullutsleppsbygg på Gløshaugen
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Publication Year:
2016
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Publication Year:
2016
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Organo Nanoclays as Insulating Materials in Alternative Concrete
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
Abstract Calcined marl was identified as an insulating binder substituent mate-rial for aerogel based mortars. Further synthesis of insulating organo-nanoclays through the incorporation of polyethylene glycol (PEG) or in situ polymerisation of polystyrene (PS) in clays displayed greater promises for further reduction of thermal conductivity independent of the compressive strength, unlike more con-ventional aerogel-incorporated concrete. The organo-nanoclays were characterized by Hot Disk thermal analyzer measurements. The results so far indicated the for-mation of organoclay particles from both ideal systems of bentonite and calcined marl with lowered thermal conductivities. The calcined clay appeared to maintain its binding properties, suitable for gelling…
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Solar energy for zero energy buildings - a comparison between solar thermal, PV and photovoltaic-thermal (PV/T) systems
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
Abstract In a net zero energy building (nZEB), the energy demand from the operation of the building is met by renewable energy generated on site. Buildings require energy both in the form of heat and electricity, and solar energy utilization is important in order to reach a net zero energy balance. In projects with ambitious energy targets or limited available areas for local energy generation, solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) installations will eventually compete for space on roofs and facades. Hybrid photovoltaic–thermal (PV/T) modules, in which heat and electricity is generated simultaneously, are therefore an interesting technology for building applications,…
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Naturlig ventilasjon i nullutslippsbygg
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
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Fra nullutslippbygg til nullutslippområder - hva kreves for å få til dette?
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Publication Year:
2015
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2015
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Effective ventilation in high performance buildings
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2015
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2015
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Simulating switchable glazing with energy plus: an empirical validation and calibration of a thermotropic glazing model
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
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Veien mot nullutslippsbygg
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Publication Year:
2015
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Publication Year:
2015
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Byggenæringen må ta og tar klimautfordringene på alvor
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Publication Year:
2016
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Publication Year:
2016
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