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2014
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2014
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Simulation and evaluation of CO2 heat pump system with energy storage for ZEB
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Publication Year:
2014
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2014
Abstract Reduced energy consumption is one of the most cost effective ways of reducing CO2 emissions for combustion of fossil fuels. Residential buildings must become more energy efficient according to the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD). The demands for domestic hot water have become more significant. Therefore the share of domestic hot water (DHW) in high insulated houses constitutes an increasing share of total heating demand. For DHW and space heating purpose CO2 tripartite gas cooler heat pumps are among the most efficient systems. Due to heat rejection at different temperature levels a large enthalpy difference and low compressor…
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Net-zero buildings: incorporating embodied impacts.
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2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract The design and assessment of net-zero buildings commonly focus exclusively on the operational phase, ignoring the embodied environmental impacts over the building life cycle. An analysis is presented on the consequences of integrating embodied impacts into the assessment of the environmental advantageousness of net-zero concepts. Fundamental issues needing consideration in the design process – based on the evaluation of primary energy use and related greenhouse gas emissions – are examined by comparing three net-zero building design and assessment cases: (1) no embodied impacts included, net balance limited to the operation stage only; (2) embodied impacts included but evaluated separately…
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Lightweight and thermally insulating aerogel glass materials
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2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract Glass represents an important and widely used building material, and crucial aspects to be addressed include thermal conductivity, visible light transmittance, and weight for windows with improved energy efficiency. In this work, by sintering monolithic silica aerogel precursors at elevated temperatures, aerogel glass materials were successfully prepared, which were characterized by low thermal conductivity [k ≈ 0.17–0.18 W/(mK)], high visible transparency (Tvis ≈ 91–96 % at 500 nm), low density (ρ ≈ 1.60–1.79 g/cm3), and enhanced mechanical strength (typical elastic modulus Er ≈ 2.0–6.4 GPa). These improved properties were derived from a series of successive gelation and aging steps during the desiccation of silica aerogels. The involved sol → gel → glass transformation was investigated by means…
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Energy performance assessment of an advanced integrated façade through experimental data analysis
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract This paper deals with the experimental assessment of the energy performance of two Advanced Integrated Façade modules (AIF) characterized by two very similar configurations. The two AIF modules were installed on the south-exposed façade of an outdoor test cell facility (a real-scale mockup of an office building) and continuous measurements were carried out for more than one year. Data collected during the experimental campaign were analyzed to evaluate the energy performance and thermo-physical behaviour of the AIF modules. The performances of the two systems were assessed by comparison and by means of conventional and advanced synthetic metrics. The results…
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Solar shading control strategies in cold climates – heating, cooling demand and daylight availability in office spaces
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract Modern office buildings often have large glazed areas. Incident solar radiation can lead to large cooling demands during hot periods although the solar radiation can help reduce heating demands during cool periods.Previous studies have shown that large parts of the net energy demand of an office building is related to window heat loss and cooling demands induced by solar irradiance. In this article, the authors found that, even in what traditionally has been considered to be a heating-dominated climate, cooling demands dominate the net energy demand of an office building. Solar shading systems are vital to reduce the cooling…
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Thermal superinsulation for building applications – From concepts to experimental investigations
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract The application of traditional thermal insulation materials requires thicker building envelopes in order to satisfy the requirements of the emerging zero energy and zero emission buildings. This work summarizes the steps from the state-of-theart thermal insulation materials and solutions, like vacuum insulation panels (VIP), gas-filled panels (GFP) and aerogels which all have various drawbacks, to our concepts and experimental investigations for making superinsulation materials (SIM) like e.g. nano insulation materials (NIM).
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The Norwegian zero emission neighbourhood Aadland
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract The ambition level for the zero emission neighbourhood Aadland is that the area will be self supplied with both thermal and electric energy. This paper presents how emissions from operation of the 500 dwellings are offset by on-site renewable energy production. The paper also describes a procedure for how to deal with embodied emissions from materials in an early stage design phase. The study verifies that it is possible to reach a zero emission balance for the neighbourhood. Zero emission from operation is achievable as an average for the neighbourhood. For individual zero emission buildings this also includes embodied emissions from materials and construction in…
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Cost Optimality of Energy Systems in Zero Emission Buildings in Early Design Phase
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract During the uncontrolled consumption period the building sector has come to account one of the greatest proportions of greenhouse gas emissions and energy use in industrial countries. In this context, European countries have decided to address the environmental challenge by promoting the use of renewable energies and the implementation of low energy consumption requirements. For these reasons, zero emission buildings, which have a net zero annual energy demand, were regarded as a possible solution. And everything points to believe that they will continue to be crucial in a recent future. Consultants and contractors have shown the need towards a…
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Reports
Spesielt, nytt og lærerikt
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2014
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2014
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Fra passivhus til karbonnøytrale boligområder
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2014
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2014
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Holder ikke med et passivhus her og et plusshus der
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2014
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2014
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Silica aerogels – a multifunctional building materials
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2014
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2014
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Høyere miljøambisjoner med ekstern kontroll
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2014
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2014
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Optimal operating strategies of the micro-CHP for improved interaction between the electrical and thermal demand and supply
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract The research center of Zero Emissions Buildings (ZEB) has a goal of eliminating the greenhouse gas emissions associated with all phases of building development and use. This is achieved through more sustainable building construction and more efficient energy use. The Norwegian government has a similar goal of achieving zero energy buildings as a standard by 2020. This has led to proper investigation in technological solutions that can help to achieve these goals. In a net-ZEB perspective, combined heat and power (CHP) is considered as a potential energy supply solution for buildings. CHP is seen as an emerging technology which…
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Thermal comfort with simplified heat distribution systems in highly insulated buildings
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2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract The increasing energy consumption and its consequences have led to a major need for energy saving measures. Therefore, the passive house concept has been introduced. Passive houses have a low heating demand, so that it is theoretically possible to simplify the space heating distribution system by for example reduce the number of radiators. It has therefore been investigated if one central heat source can give sufficient thermal comfort in a whole housing unit. Research shows, with the use of simulations for Belgian climate, that thermal comfort can be obtained in the whole dwelling if the internal doors are open.…
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Analysis and design of solar based systems for heating and cooling of buildings
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Publication Year:
2014
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Publication Year:
2014
Abstract Thermal performance of the solar thermal systems are estimated using numerical methods and software since the solar processes are transitient in nature been driven by time dependent forcing functions and loads. The system components are defined with mathematical relationships that describe how components function. They are based on first principles (energy balances, mass balances, rate equations and equilibrium relationships) at one extreme or empirical curve fits to operating data from specific machines such as absorption chillers. The component models are programed i.e. they represent written subroutines which are simultaneously solved with the executive program. In this thesis for executive…
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Analysis and design of systems for thermal-energy storage at moderate temperatures based on Phase Change Materials (PCM)
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Publication Year:
2014
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2014
Abstract Because human population is growing at such a high rate, as well as the energy consumption per person, new ways of preserving and efficiently using available energy must be explored. Until new and abundant energy sources are found and means of their exploitation developed, research attention should be focused on finding ways of proper and safe use of what is nowadays available. In that sense, storage of thermal energy plays an important role both in heating and/or cooling applications, such as in residential or commercial buildings, and in industrial processes. Some of the technical solutions are based on phase…
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Zero energy buildings and the rebound effect: A solution to the paradox of energy efficiency?
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2014
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2014
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Life cycle assessment integrated in the design of a new nano insulation material
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2014
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2014
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Pilot eposide: Is Snøhetta’s energy-positive house the answer to our sustainable prayers?
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2014
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2014
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Skanska bygger Nordens første boligfelt med nullhus
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2014
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2014
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Insulating and strength properties of an aerogel-incorporated mortar based on UHPC formulations
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2014
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2014
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Zero Emission Buildings in Norway – Research centre and pilot buildings
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2014
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2014
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State of the art and the path to the building integrated photovoltaics of tomorrow
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2014
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2014
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Retrofitting a brick wall using vacuum insulation panels: measured hygrothermal effect on the existing structure
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2014
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2014
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Large scale measurements and calculations of wall elements with vacuum insulation panels (VIPs)
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2014
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2014
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Optimal investments in Zero Carbon Buildings
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2014
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2014
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Treated aluminum as highly reflective facade material for energy-efficient buildings
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2014
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2014
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Synthesis and Thermal Conductivity of Monodisperse Hollow Silica Nanospheres
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2014
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2014
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Skarpnes boligfelt. Nordens første boligfelt med nullhus
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2014
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2014
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Synthesis, characterization and durability of self-cleaning antireflection coatings for glazing applications
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2014
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2014
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Form følger miljø-konseptet og løsninger for verdens nordligste energipositive næringsbygg
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2012
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2012
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Form følger miljø - Powerhouse-alliansens to første prosjekter
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Publication Year:
2012
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2012
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Laboratorier for morgendagens løsninger
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2013
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2013
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Hollow Silica Nanospheres as a Super-Insulating Material
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Publication Year:
2013
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Publication Year:
2013
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